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Latin America is one of the most violent regions in the world. It has suffered waves of repressive authoritarian rule, organized armed insurgency and civil war, violent protest, and ballooning rates of criminal violence. But is violence hard wired into Latin America? This is a critical reassessment of the ways in which violence in Latin America is addressed and understood. Previous approaches have relied on structural perspectives, attributing the problem of violence to Latin America's colonial past or its conflictual contemporary politics. Bringing together scholars and practitioners, this volume argues that violence is often rooted more in contingent outcomes than in deeply embedded structures. Addressing topics ranging from the root sources of violence in Haiti to kidnapping in Colombia, from the role of property rights in patterns of violence to the challenges of peacebuilding, The Politics of Violence in Latin America is an essential step towards understanding the causes and contexts of violence--and changing the mechanisms that produce it.
Violence --- Violence --- Political aspects --- Political aspects.
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This book reviews Internet research and political theory seeking theoretically "cool-headed" perspectives on the current public political spaces in advanced societies. Aspects of the political theories of Rawls and Habermas are discussed and contrasted with contestation-oriented theories. In light of how the Internet takes part in structurally transforming the public sphere, the book draws on sociological and realist insights in order to encircle a more realist view. It briefly reconsiders such strange bedfellows as sociological systems theory (Niklas Luhmann) and political realism (eg. Bernard Williams). The purpose is not to construct a realist theory of the internet-based public sphere, but to point out central insights on which such a theory can be built.
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In den funfzig Jahren seit der Veroffentlichung der "Grenzen des Wachstums" hat das okologische politische Denken einen kaum noch zu uberblickenden Fundus an Ideen zur Beantwortung der okologischen Krise an-gesammelt. Das Buch bietet eine umfassende und tiefreichende Kartierung dieser Denklandschaft im deutschsprachigen Raum. Dabei werden anhand der relevanten Vordenker: innen die wichtigen Stromungen dargestellt und die zentralen Kontroversen zwischen diesen aufgezeigt. Zugleich wird auch die zeitliche Entwicklung beleuchtet. Das Buch leistet so einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Fundierung des heutigen Nachhaltigkeitsdiskurses sowie zur ideengeschichtlichen Aufarbeitung eines so bisher nicht erfassten Strangs des deutschen politischen Diskurses.
Ecology --- Sustainability --- Political aspects.
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Borders, democratic legitimacy, multiscale statehood, governance : the covid crisis has shaken things up and emphasized both the contradictions and the central salience of territories. In this sharp volume Oscar Mazzoleni critically reviews the main debates about territories that have unfold over the last two decades, in particular in geography and political sociology. He makes a powerful insight for a critical territorial approach aiming to analyze democratic politics. Patrick Le Gals, CNRS research professor at Sciences Po, Paris, France Mazzoleni has contributed a brief but encompassing study of the concept of territory in social sciences. This well-written piece analyzes the concept of territory as multidimensional and interdisciplinary. His is a rigorous attempt to offer a systematic framework to make territorial politics part of the contemporary research agenda. In developing a territorial approach, he adds to the field by addressing essential gaps in the literature. Margarita Gomez-Reino Cachafeiro, full professor at the UNED University, Madrid, Spain The book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date introduction to the uses of the concept of territory in the study of democratic politics. The author tests the limits of a literature which avoid territorial dimensions, and reasserts the relevance of the concepts of territory and territorial space in the understanding of contemporary politics. With a political sociological perspective, but engaging in an interdisciplinary dialogue, the book draws a new conceptual framework focusing on both traditional and innovative topics: state-building and the transformation of nation-states, the changes in democratic citizenship, the relevance of territory for voting behaviour, the territorial dimensions of populism and the experience of the pandemic, taken as a global territorial crisis.
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"The first volume to theorize and historicize contemporary artistic practices and culture from Chile in the English language, Dismantling the Nation-State takes as its point of departure a radical criticism against the nation-state of Chile and its colonial, capitalist, heteronormative, and extractivist rule, proposing otherwise forms of inhabiting, creating, and relating in a more fluid, contingent, ecocritical, feminist, caring, and decolonial world. The book contributes to a broad scholarly discussion around decolonial methodologies, including the acknowledgment of broad geographical epistemic locations. The authors attend to practices from distinct and distant locations in Chile-they decentralize their approach by discussing art and visual culture from the Atacama Desert to Araucani´a, from Tierra del Fuego to the Andean Region to Valparai´so, as well as beyond its modern borders. Analyzing how these practices refer to issues such as the environmental and cultural impact of extractivism, this volume also provides valuable insight for the fields of social science, Indigenous studies, and linguistics for Chile and other regions of the world, envisioning art history and visual culture from a transnational and transdisciplinary perspective"--
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Die aktuellen Krisen sind nur solidarisch zu bewältigen. Das Konzept der Solidarität stand im Mittelpunkt des Denkens von Oswald von Nell-Breuning SJ (1890-1991), des wichtigsten deutschen Vertreters der Katholischen Soziallehre im 20. Jahrhundert. Renommierte Expert:innen aus Theologie, Sozial-, Politik-, Rechts- und Geschichtswissenschaft fragen nach Impulsen aus der Rezeption seines Werks. Ihre Themen sind die Herausforderungen der sozial-ökologischen Transformation, bezahlbares Wohnen, Daseinsvorsorge und gewerkschaftliche Interessenvertretung unter den Bedingungen der Digitalisierung sowie das kirchliche Arbeitsrecht. Mit Beiträgen von Julian Degan, Prof. Dr. Bernhard Emunds, Prof. Dr. Stefan Greiner, Prof. Dr. Hermann-Josef Große Kracht, Prof. em. Dr. Hans Günter Hockerts, Prof. Dr. Tanja Klenk, Hannah Klinkenborg, Prof. Dr. Gerhard Kruip, Dr. Arnd Küppers, Erzbischof Reinhard Kardinal Marx, Prof. Dr. Stephan Rixen und Prof. Dr. Thomas Schüller.
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Enquêter sur le droit de résistance, du Moyen Âge à nos jours, en croisant les approches de l'histoire, de la philosophie, du droit et de l'histoire littéraire : tel est le point de départ de ce livre qui s'interroge sur ce droit paradoxal, tantôt inscrit dans les constitutions, tantôt nié dans son principe même, qui se situe en un lieu où se rencontrent, parfois de façon conflictuelle, l'agir politique, le droit et l'éthique. Que les peuples, des fractions du peuple et les individus refusent parfois d'obéir à un pouvoir qu'ils estiment tyrannique ou illégitime, qu'ils lui résistent et, parfois, se révoltent, nul ne l'ignore et nul ne l'a jamais ignoré. Nous avons voulu comprendre comment cette évidence de la résistance possible avait été traitée dans la pensée politique : a-t-on jugé nécessaire de définir comme un droit ce qui était du domaine de la possibilité réelle ? A-t-on pris soin de définir des règles légales précisant dans quelles circonstances un tel droit pouvait s'exercer ? À qui l'a-t-on alors accordé ? A-t-on estimé au contraire qu'il ne s'agissait en aucun cas d'accorder un tel droit, contraire au fonctionnement de toute communauté humaine fondée sur la nécessaire obéissance des gouvernés aux gouvernants ? Autant de questions présentes dans des textes fondamentaux et des débats cruciaux, au fil des situations historiques, qui montrent les enjeux proprement politiques du concept de droit de résistance : il peut servir à borner la possibilité de révolte, voire à l'empêcher, mais il peut également la justifier et y inciter et ce selon les moments historiques et les conjonctures, faites de positionnements politiques et de rapports de force.
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The book analyses a vast fresco at the heart of the transformations of the State, the regions and the sectors of activity, by engaging in an interdisciplinary dialogue. It contributes to the understanding of the contemporary territorial dynamics of the Social and Solidarity Economy, through two sectors of activity (integration through economic activity, home help). It shows that this territorial construction is part of a long-term process and that it obeys sectoral, cultural and institutional logics. The in-depth case studies (the two sides of the Basque Country) make it possible to give an unprecedented social and political consistency to processes that sometimes remain rather disembodied. The comparative dimension constitutes an original contribution of the work. This work certainly compares two border territories, but whose forms of institutionalisation and structuring remain relatively watertight, as far as the social sphere is concerned, under the influence of distinct welfare state systems. The comparison, deployed according to a similar methodology on both sides, forces us to discuss different models of territorialisation of public policies. The theme can be considered of major political and socio-economic importance in a context of social and economic crisis, deterioration of welfare state regimes and tightening of public policies. The detailed approach (about a hundred interviews), based on controversies on values, leads to distinguish itself from other works postulating a certain naturalization of the anchoring of the SSE in the territories, and it questions the notion of social innovation.
Solidarity. --- Solidarity --- Political aspects.
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"The authors of this edited volume focus on the emergence of populist discourses, coming from movements or parties from Romance-speaking countries in Europe and in Latin America. By combining linguistics, social and political sciences in a discourse analytical approach, the sixteen papers enlighten the mechanisms behind populist discourses yielding from different socio-cultural and political contexts. The common denominator of the studies is the focus on the discursive and rhetorical characteristics of recently emerged movements of populism in both continents. Investigating expressions of these political movements is highly relevant in today's society, where the growing number of populist discourses has become a pre-eminent issue, alongside people's increasing insecurity regarding future political and environmental challenges. The primary audience of this volume are researchers working in the fields of political discourse analysis; however, this book may benefit anybody with interest in language in politics. ******* 'This volume will be a valuable contribution to the study of populist discourse at the political extremes. It hardly needs to be mentioned that this is one of the most topical issues in political discourse throughout the world today. The specifics of populist discourse are often misunderstood, so I have found this volume enlightening and helpful to increasing my own understanding.' - Rodney Williamson, University of Ottawa 'The anthology provides indeed a fine analysis of discourses connected to different socio-cultural and political contexts [ ... ] Since it brings together researchers specialized in media and political discourse analysis, it contributes to a large extent to promote a deeper understanding of current political discourses and extremist ideologies.' - Ana Pano Alamán, University of Bologna".
Populism --- Rhetoric --- Political aspects.
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